中文说明：
将约束离散优化（CDO）转化为非线性约束非负整数规划（CNIP），该算法采用了种群混沌初始化、双方案变异、离散差分进化等多种改进措施，可求解非线性约束非负整数规划（CNIP），以及具有随机扰动的积分算子。针对非线性约束，给出了连续映射基惩罚的计算方法和基函数的公式，并在此基础上提出了处理约束的自适应惩罚因子。研究了一种新的描述种群多样性的新测度，称为种群的拟再平均基因距离，并在此基础上实现了保持种群多样性的混沌移民算子和概率。定向约束工程优化
English Description：
The constrained discrete optimization (CDO) is transfor med into a nonlinear constrained non-negative integer programming (CNIP) which can be solved by the proposed discrete differential evolution (DDE) algorithm that adopts several improvements such as the chaotic initialization of a population, the double-scheme mutation, and the integrating operator with stochastic perturbation. Aiming at the nonlinear constraints, th e calculating approaches for the base penalty and the formula f or the base function of continuous mapping are carried out, and self-adaptive penalty factors based on these notions for handling cons traints are presented. It is studied that a novel measure, termed as a quasi re-averaging gene distance for a population, is employed t o depict the diversity of the population and chaotic immigration operato rs depending on this measure a nd the probability are implemented to preserve the population diversity. Orientating constrained engineering optimizati